BINGE EATING DAN STATUS GIZI PADA ANAK PENYANDANG ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD)

Abstract

Abstrak

ADHD (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) dicirikan dengan pola gangguan pemusatan perhatian dan/atau hiperaktif-impulsif yang terus-menerus dan menetap. Kedua tipe ADHD, inatensi dan hiperaktif-impulsif, dapat mencetuskan perilaku binge eating. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kedua tipe ADHD tersebut dengan kejadian binge eating dan status gizi pada anak penyandang ADHD menggunakan metode penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subyek adalah anak/remaja laki-laki atau perempuan dengan ADHD (n 29) dengan rentang usia 5-18 tahun. Tipe ADHD dan binge eating diukur dengan Kuesioner ADHD yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Data status gizi diperoleh menggunakan indikator IMT/U. Hasil menunjukkan pada anak bertipe hiperaktif-impulsif, 4 anak (22,2%) mengalami binge eating, dan 6 anak (33,3%) berada pada kategori status gizi lebih. Pada anak dengan tipe inatensi tidak ditemukan kejadian binge eating (0%) dan hanya 1 anak (9,1%) yang memiliki status gizi lebih. Sehingga diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa anak dengan tipe ADHD hiperaktif-impulsif lebih cenderung untuk mengalami binge eating serta memiliki status gizi lebih.

Kata kunci: anak ADHD, inatensi, hiperaktif-impulsif, binge eating, status gizi

 

Abstract

ADHD (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) is characterized by a pattern of problems in concentrating attention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that’s settle at and occur continuously. Both types of ADHD, inattention and hyperactive-impulsive, can trigger the binge eating behaviour. This research aims to determine the association between both types with binge eating and nutritional status in children with ADHD using observational analytic method with cross sectional design. Inclusion criterioa for subjects were children aged between 5 to 18 years old with inattention or hyperactive-impulsive (n 29). The type of ADHD and binge eating was measured by ADHD Questionnaire that had been tested for its validity and reliability. The data of nutritional status was obtained through anthopometric measurement with indicator BMI/A. Result showed that in children with hyperactive-impulsive, 4 children (22,2%) experienced binge eating behaviour, and 6 children (33,3%) were in the category of overnutritional status. Whereas, in children with inattention type, the incidence of binge eating was not found (0%) and only 1 child (9,1%) who had overnutritional status. It is concluded that children with hyperactive-impulsive type are more likely to experience binge eating and has overnutrional status.

Keywords: children with ADHD, inattention, hyperactive-impulsive, binge eating, nutritional status