Beras Analog dapat Mencegah Kerusakan Ginjal pada Tikus Induksi Kombinasi HFD dan STZ

Authors

  • Hairrudin Hairrudin Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jember
  • Prajesiaji Praba Kumara
  • Rena Normasari

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijhn.2021.008.01.2

Keywords:

diabetes mellitus, streptozotocin, glomerulosklerosis, tubulus, beras analog

Abstract

Pengaturan diet pada diabetes mellitus (DM) dibutuhkan untuk mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah dan mencegah terjadinya komplikasi pada ginjal. Beras analog merupakan beras tiruan yang dibuat dari bahan pangan nonberas atau campuran dengan beras melalui teknik tertentu sehingga menyerupai beras. Beras analog diperkirakan dapat memperbaiki pengendalian kadar glukosa dan mencegah kerusakan ginjal karena memiliki kandungan serat dan resistant starch (RS) yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek beras analog dalam mencegah kerusakan ginjal pada tikus DM. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan sampel ginjal tikus Wistar. Tikus dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok (n=24), yaitu: kelompok kontrol (K0) dan tiga kelompok perlakuan (P). Kelompok K0 diberi pelet standar selama penelitian. Kelompok perlakuan diberi diet tinggi lemak selama 40 hari dan diiduksi streptozotocin (STZ) dosis 35 mg/kgBB pada hari ke-33. Hari ke-40 kelompok perlakuan dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok masing-masing diberi diet beras (PB), diet beras analog 1 (PBA1), dan diet beras analog 2 (PBA2) selama 3 minggu. Kerusakan ginjal diamati melalui gambaran histopatologi ginjal dan dinilai menggunakan sistem skoring berdasarkan tingkat glomerulosklerosis dan kerusakan tubulus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan median skor glomerulosklerosis dan kerusakan tubulus pada K0=0,5 dan 1,0; PB=3,0 dan 4,0; PBA1=1,0 dan 2,5; PBA2=2,0 dan 3,0. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) antara kelompok PB dengan PBA1 dan PBA2. Kesimpulannya adalah beras analog dapat mencegah kerusakan ginjal pada tikus DM

References

  • International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas Ninth edition 2019 [Internet]. International Diabetes Federation. 2019. 32–51 p. Available from: http://www.idf.org/about-diabetes/facts-figures
  • Kemenkes. Hasil utama riskesdas 2018. Jakarta, Indonesia; 2018.
  • ADA. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes : standards of medicalcCare in Diabetes -2018. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(S1):S13S-27.
  • Maezawa Y, Takemoto M, Yokote K. Cell biology of diabetic nephropathy : Roles of endothelial cells , tubulointerstitial cells and podocytes. J Diabetes Investig. 2015;6(1):3–15.
  • Lay AC, Hurcombe JA, Betin VMS, Barrington F, Rollason R, Ni L, et al. Prolonged exposure of mouse and human podocytes to insulin induces insulin resistance through lysosomal and proteasomal degradation of the insulin receptor. Diabetologia. 2017;60:2299–311.
  • Klisic A, Kocic G, Kavaric N, Jovanovic M, Stanisic V, Ninic A. Xanthine oxidase and uric acid as independent predictors of albuminuria in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Clin Exp Med [Internet]. 2018;18(2):283–90. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-017-0483-0
  • Yan S, Liu J, Tian H, Li J, Shao Y-H, Shi H-Y, et al. Clinical and pathological analysis of renal damage in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clin Exp Med. 2016;16(3):437–42.
  • Jafarnejad S, Mirzaei H, Clark CCT, Taghizadeh M, Ebrahimzadeh A. The hypotensive effect of salt substitutes in stage 2 hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2020;20(98):1–15.
  • Ahola AJ, Forsblom C, Groop PH. Adherence to special diets and its association with meeting the nutrient recommendations in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Acta Diabetol [Internet]. 2018;55(8):843–51. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00592-018-1159-2
  • Codella R, Terruzzi I, Luzi L. Why should people with type 1 diabetes exercise regularly ? Acta Diabetol. 2017;54(7):615–30.
  • Bendich A, Deckelbaum R. Preventive nutrition The Comprehensive Guide for Health Professionals fifth ed. Humana Press. 5th ed. 2015;371–98.
  • Hamzawy M, Gouda SAA, Ashid L, Attia M, Heba M, Nivin S, et al. The cellular selection between apoptosis and autophagy : roles of vitamin D , glucose and immune response in diabetic nephropathy. Endocrine. 2017;58:66–80.
  • Fujii H, Iwase M, Ohkuma T, Ogata-kaizu S, Ide H, Kikuchi Y, et al. Impact of dietary fiber intake on glycemic control , cardiovascular risk factors and chronic kidney disease in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus : the Fukuoka Diabetes Registry. Nutr J. 2013;12(159):1–8.
  • Soong YY, Quek RYC, Henry CJ. Glycemic potency of muffins made with wheat , rice , corn , oat and barley flours : a comparative study between in vivo and in vitro. Eur J Nutr. 2015;54:1281–5.
  • Firdaus J, Sulistyaningsih E, Subagio A. Resistant starch modified cassava flour ( MOCAF ) improves insulin resistance. Asian J Clin Nutr. 2018;10(1):32–6.
  • Mahmudah S, Maryusman T, Arini FA, Malkan I. Hubungan Gaya Hidup Dan Pola Makan Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Lansia Di Kelurahan Sawangan Baru Kota Depok Tahun 2015. Biomedika. 2015;7(2):43–51.
  • Bhat GA, Khan HA, Alhomida AS, Sharma P, Singh R, Paray BA. GLP-I secretion in healthy and diabetic Wistar rats in response to aqueous extract of Momordica charantia. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2018;18(162):1–8.
  • Hairrudin, Soetjipto, Handajani R. Hypoglycemic effect of high-resistant starch analog rice through GLP-1 and insulin or high-resistant starch analog rice attenuates blood glucose level through enhancement of GLP-1 and insulin. Asian J Pharm Clin Res,. 2019;12(8):172–5.
  • Darajat A, Sakinah E, Hairrudin. Efek kandungan serat beras analog terhadap ekspresi GLUT4 otot rangka tikus diabetes. J Gizi Klin Indones. 2019;16(1):14–21.
  • Sadek NF, Yuliana ND, Prangdimurt E, Priyosoeryanto BP, Budijanto S. Potensi Beras Analog sebagai Alternatif Makanan Pokok untuk Mencegah Penyakit Degeneratif. Pangan. 2016;1:61–70.
  • Sarmanu. Dasar metodologi penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif & statistika. 3rd ed. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press; 2019. 44–56 p.
  • Arumugam S, Natesan S. Hypoglycemic effects of barleria noctiflora fractions on high fat fed with low dose streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetes in rats. Int J Pharm Sci. 2016;8(2):193–200.
  • Kong L, Wang Y, Luo M, Tan Y, Cui W, Miao L. Prevention of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy by MG132 : Possible Roles of Nrf2 and IkB. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017;3:1–12.
  • Diniyah N, Puspitasari A, Nafi’ A, Subagio A. Karakteristik beras analog menggunakan hot extruder twin screw. Penelit Pascapanen Pertan. 2016;13(1):36–42.
  • Ma LJ, Nakamura S, Aldigier JC, Rossini M, Yang H, Liang X, et al. Regression of glomerulosclerosis with high-dose angiotensin inhibition is linked to decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16(4):966–76.
  • Kang D, Kim Y, Andoh TF, Gordon KL, Suga S, Mazzali M, et al. Post-cyclosporine-mediated hypertension and nephropathy : amelioration by vascular endothelial growth factor. Am J Physiol Ren Physiol. 2001;280:F727–F736.
  • Dwinovan J, Colella AD, Chegeni N, Chataway TK, Sokoya E. Proteomic analysis reveals downregulation of housekeeping proteins in the diabetic vascular proteome. Acta Diabetol. 2017;54(2):171–90.
  • Lu Y, Liu Y, Li H, Wang X, Wu W, Gao L. Effect and mechanisms of zinc supplementation in protecting against diabetic cardiomyopathy in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. Bosn J basic Madical Sci. 2015;15(1):14–21.
  • Suarni, Yasin M. Jagung sebagai sumber pangan fungsional. Iptek Tanam Pangan. 2011;6(1):41–56.
  • Diniyah N, Firdaus L, Wiwik SW, Nafi’ A, Prasetyo A, Subagio A. Indeks glikemik beras analog dari mocaf dengan substitusi jagung, ubi jalar ungu dan wortel. War IHP. 2016;33(2):66–73.
  • Brown JE. Nutrition through the life cycle 4th ed. [Internet]. Wadsworth Cengage learning. 2011. 1–22 p. Available from: www.nap.edu.%0Awww.cengage.com/wadswortth
  • Mokkala K, Houttu N, Vahlberg T, Munukka E, Rönnemaa T, Laitinen K. Gut microbiota aberrations precede diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Acta Diabetol. 2017;54(12):1147–9.
  • Kassaian N, Feizi A, Aminorroaya A, Jafari P, Ebrahimi MT, Amini M. The effects of probiotics and synbiotic supplementation on glucose and insulin metabolism in adults with prediabetes: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Acta Diabetol [Internet]. 2018;55(10):1019–28. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00592-018-1175-2
  • Irmawati, Ansharullah, Baco AR. Pengaruh formulasi roti tawar berbasis mocaf dan ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas. L) terhadap nilai proksimat dan aktivitas antioksidan. J Sains dan Teknol Pangan. 2018;3(2):1163–75.
  • Sembiring E, Sangi MS, Suryanto E. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak dan fraksi dari biji jagung ( Zea mays L .). Chem Prog. 2016;9(1):14–20.
  • Winarti S, Djajati S, Hidayat R, Jilian L. Karakteristik Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Beras Analog Dari Tepung Komposit (Gadung, Jagung, Mocaf) Dengan Penambahan Pewarna Angkak. J Reka Pangan [Internet]. 2018;12(1):27–40. Available from: http://ejournal.upnjatim.ac.id/index.php/teknologi-pangan/article/view/1098/941

Downloads

Published

2021-07-31

How to Cite

1.
Hairrudin H, Kumara PP, Normasari R. Beras Analog dapat Mencegah Kerusakan Ginjal pada Tikus Induksi Kombinasi HFD dan STZ. IJHN [Internet]. 2021 Jul. 31 [cited 2025 Jan. 18];8(1):8-20. Available from: https://ijhn.ub.ac.id/index.php/ijhn/article/view/381

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2021)

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2021 Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License