Lime (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) Juice Potential on Preventing Lipid Profile Aberrations as Alternative to Lemon (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.f.) Juice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijhn.2020.007.02.7Keywords:
lemon, lime, TC, LDL, VLDL, TGAbstract
ABSTRAK
Hiperlipidemia merupakan penyebab dari berbagai penyakit degeneratif. Mengonsumsi air perasan lemon menjadi tren di Indonesia beberapa tahun ini. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan perbandingan efektivitas air perasan lemon dan jeruk nipis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan profil lemak darah: kolesterol total, low density lipid (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), dan trigliserida (TG) pada tikus yang diberi diet tinggi lemak, air perasan lemon, dan jeruk nipis. Penelitian ini menggunakan 32 tikus jantan galur Wistar yang dibagi menjadi 8 kelompok dosis perlakuan air perasan lemon dan jeruk nipis. Didapatkan hasil bahwa tidak ada perbedaan kadar LDL (P0.151; p<0.05), VLDL (P0.187; p<0.05), TG (P0.216; p<0.05), namun ditemukan perbedaan signifikan pada kadar kolesterol total (P0.003; p<0.05). Hewan coba yang diberi perlakuan jeruk nipis memiliki sebagian besar rerata kadar lemak yang tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok perlakuan lemon. Meskipun demikian, kolesterol total pada kelompok jeruk nipis lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok lemon. Konsumsi jeruk nipis tampaknya memiliki kemungkinan menjadi alternatif dari lemon yang lebih murah dan terjangkau untuk mencegah profil lemak yang buruk. Â
Kata kunci: lemon, jeruk nipis, kolesterol total, LDL, VLDL, TG
ABSTRACT
Hyperlipidemia causes various degenerative diseases. Recently, consuming lemon juice has become a trend in Indonesia to improve blood lipid profiles. This study compared the effectiveness of lemon juice and lime juice. This study aimed to determine differences in blood lipid profile that contains total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and triglycerides (TG) in rats given High Fat Diet (HFD), lemon juice, and lime juice. This study used 32 white male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) divided into eight treatment groups of lemon and lime juice doses. The results showed no significant differences in LDL (P0.151; p<0.05), VLDL (P0.187; p<0.05), and TG (P0.216; p<0.05), but there were significant differences in total cholesterol levels (P0.003; p<0.05). The experimental animals receiving lime juice had mean scores of lipid levels that were not significantly different from those with lemon treatment. However, the total cholesterol levels among groups given lime juice showed lower levels than the control and lemon treatment groups. Lime consumption seems possible to be a cheaper and affordable alternative to lemon to prevent lipid profile aberrations.
Keywords: lemon, lime, TC, LDL, VLDL, TGReferences
- Saprian S, Juliany A, Nurmiyanto A. Uji Efektivitas Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) dalam Mempercepat Laju Disinfeksi Bakteri Escheria Coli pada Proses Solar Water Disinfection. J Sains &Teknologi Lingkung. 2014;6(1):14–25.
- Fukuchi Y, Hiramitsu M, Okada M, Hayashi S, Nabeno Y, Osawa T, et al. Lemon Polyphenols Suppress Diet-induced Obesity by Up-Regulation of mRNA Levels of the Enzymes Involved in beta-Oxidation in Mouse White Adipose Tissue. J Clin Biochem Nutr [Internet]. 2008/10/31. 2008 Nov;43(3):201–9. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19015756
- Nichols M, Townsend N, Scarborough P, Rayner M. Cardiovascular Disease In Europe 2014: Epidemiological Update. Eur Heart J [Internet]. 2014 Nov 7;35(42):2950–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehu299
- Snipelisky D, Ziajka P. Diabetes and hyperlipidemia: A direct quantitative analysis—A Direct Analysis Of The Effects Of Insulin Resistance On Lipid Levels In Relation To Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease. World J Cardiovasc Dis. 2012;02(01):20–5.
- Navar-Boggan AM, Peterson ED, D’Agostino Sr RB, Neely B, Sniderman AD, Pencina MJ. Hyperlipidemia In Early Adulthood Increases Long-Term Risk Of Coronary Heart Disease. Circulation [Internet]. 2015/01/26. 2015 Feb 3;131(5):451–8. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25623155
- Aje TO, Miller M. Cardiovascular disease: A Global Problem Extending Into The Developing World. World J Cardiol [Internet]. 2009 Dec 31;1(1):3–10. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21160570
- Kamso S, Purwantyastuti, Rumawas YSP, Lukito W. Nutritional Status Of Hyperlipidemics Elderly In Indonesia According To Body Mass Lndex (Study In Four Indonesian Big Cities). Med J Indones. 2005;14(2):97–100.
- Enda F. Pengaruh Pemberian Larutan Ekstrak Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantifolia) Terhadap Pembentukan Plak Gigi. 2012;
- Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, et al. Heart Disease And Stroke Statistics-2013 Update: A Report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2013;127(1):30–1.
- Purnamasari AW, Isnawati M. Pengaruh Pemberian Jus Pare (momordica charantia l.) Dan Jus Jeruk Nipis (citrus aurantifolia) Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Tikus Sprague Dawley Hiperkolsterolemia. J Nutr Coll. 2014;3(4):893–902.
- Indonesia PDSK. Panduan Tata Laksana Dislipidemia. 2017.
- Shrestha RL, Dhakal DD, Gautum DM, Paudyal KP, Shrestha S. Study of Fruit Diversity and Selection of Elite Acid Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) Genotypes in Nepal. Am J Plant Sci. 2012;03(08):1098–104.
- Lukitasari N, Ratnawati R, Lyrawati D. Polifenol Buah Tin (Ficus carica Linn) Menghambat Peningkatan Kadar MCP-1 pada Tikus dengan Diet Tinggi Lemak. J Kedokt Brawijaya. 2014;28(1):1–5.
- Nurhayati N, Widowati L. The Use Of Traditional Health Care Among Indonesian Family. Heal Sci J Indones. 2017;8(1):30–5.
- Khan Y, Khan RA, Afroz S, Siddiq A. Evaluation of Hypolipidemic effect of Citrus Lemon. J Basic Appl Sci [Internet]. 2010;6(1):39–43.
- Sengupta P. The laboratory rat: Relating Its Age With Human’s. Int J Prev Med. 2013;4(6):624–30.
- Rahayu T. Kadar Kolesterol Darah Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus L) setelah Pemberian Cairan Kombucha Per Oral. J Penelit Sains Teknol. 2005;6(2):85–100.
- Wulandari RL, Susilowati S, Asih M. Pengaruh Kombinasi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirsak (Annona Muricata L.) Dan Simvastatin Terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Dan Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Tikus Yang Diinduksi Pakan Tinggi Lemak. J Ilmu Farm dan Farm Klin. 2015;12(Ldl):24–32.
- Pourghassem-Gargari B, Ebrahimzadeh-Attary V, Rafraf M, Gorbani A. Effect of Dietary Supplementation with nigella sativa l. On Serum Lipid Profile, Lipid Peroxidation And Antioxidant Defense System In Hyperlipidemic Rabbits. J Med Plants Res. 2009;3(10):815–21.
- Umami Z, Nugroho FA. Efek Pemberian Susu Sapi Bubuk Terhadap Kadar Serum Hdl (High Density Lipoprotein) Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus) Galur Wistar Model Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. J Gizi dan Pangan. 2015;10(1):1–8.
- Harini M, Astirin OP. Blood Cholesterol Levels Of Hypercholesterolemic Rat (Rattus norvegicus) After VCO Treatment. Nusant Biosci. 2009;1(2):53–8.
- Mawarti H. Oleh Epigallocatechin Gallate ( EGCG ) Teh Hijau Klon Gmb4. Jurnal Sain Med, Vol. 3. No. 2 Desember 2011: 67–73
- Tsalissavrina I, Wahono D, Handayani D. Pengaruh Pemberian Diet Tinggi Karbohidrat Dibandingkan Diet Tinggi Lemak Terhadap Kadar Trigliserida Dan Hdl Darah Pada Rattus novergicus galur wistar. J Kedokt Brawijaya. 2006 Mar 25;22:80–9.
- Rabot S, Membrez M, Blancher F, Berger B, Moine D, Krause L, et al. High fat Diet Drives Obesity Regardless The Composition Of Gut Microbiota In Mice. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2016;6:1–11. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep32484
- Swithers SE, Ogden SB, Davidson TL. Fat Substitutes Promote Weight Gain In Rats Consuming High-Fat Diets. Behav Neurosci. 2011;125(4):512–8.
- Anggraini D, Dhirgo A, Sitarina Widyarini. Identifikasi Leptin setelah Luka Irisan padaTikus yang Diberi Pakan Lemak Tinggi. 2012;30(1):44–50.
- Dogan S, Hu X, Zhang Y, Maihle NJ, Grande JP, Cleary MP. Effects of high-fat diet and/or body weight on mammary tumor leptin and apoptosis signaling pathways in MMTV-TGF-alpha mice. Breast Cancer Res [Internet]. 2007;9(6):R91–R91. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18162139
- Ajugwo A, State R. Nutritional Value of Lime and Lemon in. J Med Sci. 2012;3(1):13–6.
- Peixoto JS, Comar JF, Moreira CT, Soares AA, de Oliveira AL, Bracht A, et al. Effects of Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) fruit extracts and p-synephrine on metabolic fluxes in the rat liver. Molecules [Internet]. 2012 May 16;17(5):5854–69. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22592089
- Elon Y, Polancos J. Manfaat Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantifolia) Dan Olahraga Untuk Menurunkan Kolesterol Total Klien Dewasa. J Sk Keperawatan. 2016;1(2):148–55.
- Tunaru S, Kero J, Schaub A, Wufka C, Blaukat A, Pfeffer K, et al. PUMA-G and HM74 Are Receptors For Nicotinic Acid And Mediate Its Anti-Lipolytic Effect. Nat Med [Internet]. 2003;9(3):352–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/nm824
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
License
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Olivia Anggraeny, Chardina Dianovita, Ekanti Nurina Putri, Minarty Sastrina, Ratih Setya Dewi, Korelasi Pemberian Diet Rendah Protein Terhadap Status Protein, Imunitas, Hemoglobin, dan Nafsu Makan Tikus Wistar Jantan (The Correlation of Low Protein Diet Administration on Status of Protein, Immunity, Hemoglobin, and Appetite of Male Wistar Rats Rattus norvegicus) , Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition: Vol. 3 No. 2 (2016)
- Okky Rizkyana, Fajar Ari Nugroho, Olivia Anggraeny, Asupan Sayur dan Buah dengan Variasi Warnanya pada Siswa SD Insan Permata Malang , Indonesian Journal of Human Nutrition: Vol. 4 No. 1 (2017)
